Topic       : C-Language Documentation
Author      : John Kormylo
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Subject     : Documentation/C-Language
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View Ref-File[ Arrays ]

An array is a block of consecutive data items of the same type,
referenced with a subscript in brackets [ ].  The first subscript is
always 0.

  for(i=0; i<n; i++) array[i] = i;

Arrays are defined the same as other Variables, except for the
subscript range in brackets [ ] and the number of initializations.

  int colors[4] = {BLACK, WHITE, RED, GREEN};

One can define more than one subscript by using multiple brackets.

  float matrix[10][20];

When an array is initialized,  one can leave the subscript range empty
and the compiler will set it using the number of entries initialized.

  char string[] = "string";     /* sizeof(string) == 7 */

When an array is passed as a function parameter or in an extern
statement, one can leave the (first) subscript range empty and pass
the subscript range (if needed) separately.  (Size is unknown.)

  extern char buffer[];
  void function(int array[][10], int num);

An array name without its subscript(s) is a pointer constant.

Using the above examples, 'buffer' would be (const char*) and 'array'
would be (const int**).

'array[i]' would be (int*) and would point to 'array[i][0]'.

See also Pointers and Pointer Arrays.